The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times late to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.